第一篇英语笔记，道阻且长。
错的最多的就是每篇的压轴题：6选3，几乎没有全对过，哎呀我的心呀。
TPO 11 Reading
Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
大体讲了埃及建筑物的特点，新词frontality，无论材质如何（stone，wooden or metal），都体现这个“正面性”，展示雕塑的姿态。在此基础上探讨了雕塑decorative作用等等……
错题2，事实信息题,根据提问，应该从段落的文句中寻找答案，冒号之后罗列雕塑不受欢迎的原因。
Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary?
错题14：两个错的选项要根据原文找矛盾，关键地方是功能性评价，重要性等方面，以及性质的对比。
词汇方面：divine pillared（pillar）deity elite depicts
Orientation and Navigation
讲了鸟类定位，主要行文方式：罗列一系列的实验并穿插猜测和结论。第一段提出问题以及引出主要的实验研究人员Gustave Kramer
错题25：组织结构题，可知本文应该利用一系列实验去证明“鸟儿在日间和夜间的定位方法”A structured argument about the importance of internal versus external cues for navigation is presented
而是：A number of experiments are described to support the idea that birds use the Sun and the night sky to navigate.
错题28[概要小结]:错因：信息矛盾-没有关注原文“一系列”实验与题中阐述的”in one set”矛盾。
词汇方面：flutter overcast surmise preposterous(荒谬的) versus(prep.与之相对)
Begging by Nestlings
一言蔽之：鸟儿叫 = 爸妈给食 + predators
错题37[事实信息题]:根据关键词定位相关段落（第四段)+排除法
错题42[概要小结题]:随缘吧
词汇方面：conceal
难句理解
The hypothesis that begging calls have evolved properties that reduce their potential for attracting predators yields a prediction: baby birds of species that experience high rates of nest predation should produce softer begging signals of higher frequency than nestlings of other species less often victimized by nest predators.
一个关于乞食行为的假说认为，乞食声已经进化出一种避免引起捕食者注意并及时作出预警的特性：比起那些较少受到捕食者捕食的雏鸟相比，被捕食率高的鸟类的雏鸟需要发出更轻柔频率更好的叫声。
TPO 20 Listening
C1
错题2[目的题]:仔细听这个student要干什么，梳理脉络
L1
词汇: maxims
题目逻辑关系很清晰，逐点记录即可
L2
错题13[内容主旨]:找到关键词
错题14[内容主旨]:分析原因，（听tapes时记录得不够详细准确）
L3
错题7[特点分析]:folk legends的特点：一定的真实性，错在干扰选项A
They are very imaginative
They are somewhat realistic
综合写作的模板
从一亩三分地那copy来的，不知道侵犯版权了么。
趋势分析
- the speaker and the author hold divergent attitudes toward the future of charitable giving. Through relevant reasons and examples, the lecture extensively refutes the pessimistic viewpoints stated in the reading material.
- According to the writer, …. To debut this idea, the professor claims that … (contrary to the view in the passage)…
- Second, the passage says that …, while the lecturer argues that …. … which contradicts the point made in the passage.
- Finally, opposing the author’s belief that…, the professor contends that …. Thus, …
模板二：
- The author discuss…. However, the speaker displays a contradictory view that …
- First, the passage says that…. But the professor challenges this idea by providing the truth that…. Thus contrary to the writer’s notion, …
- Second, the writer indicates that …. To render disproof, the lecturer reveals a piece of information about… and about …, which further refutes the example in the reading.
- Last, the passage puts all the blame on the …, arguing that…, whereas the lecture contends that…. Consequently, …, and that overturns the writer’s concept.
质疑判断
- The speaker raises doubts on the writer’s deduction that …. According to the lecture, …. This judgement is established on a series of counter evidence.
- First, the article bases its inference on the discovery that …, while the lecture argues that…. This contradicts the assumption in the passage.
- Second, the author advocates that …. However, as is rebutted by the speaker, …. In other words, …, which objects to what the passage suggests.
- Finally, the lecture challenges the writer’s supposition that…. Obviously, …. Thus, the … must differ from the conclusion drawn by the writer.
利弊分析
- The passage concentrates on the side effects of …. But the lecturer demonstrates his disagreement, arguing that the merits of this practice far exceed tis disadvantages.
- First of all, the writer claims that …. Nevertheless, the professor firmly opposes the standpoint that…. …, thereupon overthrowing the notion of the passage.
- Second, the writer regards … as a hazard to … by …, while the lecture refutes this false impression and clarifies the truth that …. Through …, the professor contends that ….
- Third, as the author puts it, …. The passage describes how …. However, the lecturer presents his disapproval by explaining how …
证明错误
- The author exhibits his suspicion on …, of which the speaker disapproves. In the lecture, he aims to prove that the article is filled with errors.
- First, the passage brings up…, claiming that…. To rebut this point, the professor emphasizes the …(historical) fact that…. Consequently, it is understandable for … to ….
- The second problem noted by the writer is that …. However, the professor says that …. This constitutes an effective counterargument against what the passage sets forth.
- Finally, the article questions …. Challenging this doubt, the lecturer suggests that …. …. These all refute the writer’s suspicion.
反驳观点
- The writer elaborates three theories about…, attempting to…. Nevertheless, the lecturer confutes the author’s explanations and ….
- First, the passage says that …. To prove the fragility of this theory, the speaker raises the point that…. As for the supposition about …, it is also retorted in the lecture because….
- The second theory describes sb doing…. The lecturer argues that this assumption is only valid if …. Yet in most cases, …, which contradicts the view held by the writer.
- Last, the passage infers that …, whereas the lecture rebuts this theory by notifying that …. However, …, and this further refutes what is expressed in the passage.
模板二：
- The writer holds that …. This hypothesis is retorted by the speaker, who believes that ….
- To begin with, the passage claims that …. Such a unilateral idea is challenged by the professor’s counterargument that ….
- Second, the writer attributes … to …. The professor, however, argues that …. Meanwhile, …. This contradicts what is discussed in the passage.
- Finally, in the writer’s opinion, …. Refuting this faulty standpoint, the lecturer contends that ….
模板三：
- The reading passage centers on the writer’s complaints against …. However, the speaker, who recognizes their value, presents his refutation in the lecture.
- First, the passage mentions the errors in …, while the lecture points out that…. The professor maintains that…. Thus, the first criticism against … is overturned.
- To dispute the … issue put forward by the writer, the lecturer indicates that …. Consequently, … and this further retorts the author’s claim.
- Last, in opposition to the writer’s judgment that …, the professor lays emphasis on …. On the contrary, thanks to …